How to Spot Red Flags During
Your Home Inspection

One of the most significant red flags during a home inspection is structural damage. The integrity of the home’s foundation and frame is crucial to its stability. Signs of structural issues can include:

• Cracks in the foundation or walls: Hairline cracks may not be a major concern, but large cracks or those that appear to widen over time can indicate a serious problem. Vertical cracks may be less worrisome than horizontal ones, which could signal pressure from shifting soil.
• Uneven floors: If you notice sloping or uneven floors, it could be a sign of a foundation issue or structural weakness.
• Doors and windows that don’t close properly: Doors and windows that stick or don’t align properly may indicate that the home has shifted over time.

Structural issues can be costly to repair, so it’s essential to have them thoroughly evaluated before moving forward with the purchase.

Water damage is another major concern during home inspections. Whether it’s due to leaks, flooding, or poor drainage, water can cause significant damage to a home’s structure and lead to long-term issues like mold and rot. Red flags to watch for include:

• Stains or discoloration on ceilings and walls: These may indicate a leak in the roof or plumbing system.
• Musty odors: A damp, musty smell can be a sign of moisture buildup or mold growth, often caused by hidden water damage.
• Warped or sagging floors: Moisture trapped in the subfloor can cause floors to buckle or warp, especially in areas like kitchens, bathrooms, and basements.
• Efflorescence or peeling paint: White, chalky residue or peeling paint on walls, especially in the basement, may indicate water infiltration or high humidity levels.

If water damage is found, it’s important to determine the source and assess the severity. Even minor leaks can lead to costly repairs if left unaddressed.

A home’s electrical system is crucial for safety, and outdated or faulty wiring can be a serious hazard. Older homes, in particular, may not have electrical systems that meet modern safety standards. Warning signs to look for include:

• Outdated wiring: Homes with knob-and-tube wiring or aluminum wiring may pose a fire risk. These systems are often found in homes built before the 1970s and should be replaced with updated materials.
• Flickering lights or sparking outlets: These issues could indicate faulty wiring or an overloaded electrical system.
• Inadequate number of outlets: A lack of grounded outlets or overloaded circuits may suggest that the electrical system hasn’t been updated to handle modern power needs.
• Improper installation: DIY electrical work can be a hidden danger. If the inspection reveals poorly installed wiring or non-code-compliant work, it could lead to safety risks or require significant repairs.

Electrical red flags should be addressed immediately, as they can be both hazardous and expensive to repair.

The roof is one of the most critical components of a home, and even minor issues can lead to water damage or costly repairs. Common roof-related red flags include:

• Missing, cracked, or curling shingles: Damaged or missing shingles can allow water to seep into the home, leading to leaks and potential structural damage.
• Sagging roofline: A sagging or uneven roofline could indicate structural problems or that the roof is nearing the end of its lifespan.
• Damaged flashing: Flashing around chimneys, vents, and skylights should be intact and properly sealed. Damaged flashing can lead to leaks and water damage inside the home.
• Water stains in the attic: If the attic shows signs of water damage or moisture buildup, it may point to a roofing issue that needs to be addressed.

Roof repairs or replacements can be expensive, so identifying these problems early allows you to negotiate with the seller or plan for future maintenance.

The heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system plays a vital role in maintaining a comfortable and energy-efficient home. A malfunctioning or outdated system can result in high energy bills or poor indoor air quality. Red flags to watch for include:

• Age of the system: HVAC systems typically last between 10-15 years. If the system is nearing the end of its lifespan, you may need to budget for a replacement soon.
• Inconsistent heating or cooling: Uneven temperatures throughout the home may indicate that the HVAC system isn’t functioning properly or that ductwork needs to be repaired or replaced.
• Dirty filters or vents: This could signal poor maintenance or that the system is struggling to work efficiently.
• Strange noises: Unusual sounds coming from the furnace or air conditioner may indicate mechanical problems or that the system needs servicing.

An inspection of the HVAC system can help identify whether the system is in good working order or if repairs or replacements are necessary.

Plumbing problems can range from minor leaks to significant water damage. When inspecting the home’s plumbing, red flags to watch for include:

• Slow drains: Slow or clogged drains can be a sign of blocked or damaged pipes. If multiple drains are slow, it may indicate a larger issue with the home’s plumbing system or sewer line.
• Leaky faucets or pipes: Leaks not only waste water but can also cause damage to cabinets, floors, and walls. Inspect under sinks and around toilets for signs of water damage or corrosion.
• Old pipes: Homes with galvanized steel or lead pipes should be upgraded to safer, more durable materials like copper or PVC.
• Low water pressure: Low water pressure can result from sediment buildup in the pipes or a larger issue with the home’s plumbing system.

Plumbing repairs can become expensive, so it’s essential to address these issues before moving forward with the purchase.

Pests such as termites, carpenter ants, and rodents can cause extensive damage to a home’s structure, wiring, and insulation. Signs of a potential pest problem include:

• Holes in wood: Small holes in wooden beams or floors could indicate termites or carpenter ants.
• Droppings or nests: Rodent droppings or nests in the attic, basement, or crawl space are signs of an infestation that needs to be addressed immediately.
• Mud tubes: Termites often build mud tubes along the foundation of a home. These tubes are a sure sign of termite activity.

If the inspection reveals signs of pests, it’s crucial to have a professional pest inspection conducted to assess the extent of the infestation and the cost of extermination.